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作者:胡靜雯
作者(外文):Ching-Wen Hu
論文名稱:榮格之「個體化進程」(Individuation Process) 研究
指導教授:洪振耀
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立中央大學
系所名稱:哲學研究所
學號:85124003
畢業學年度:90
語文別:中文
論文頁數:75
中文關鍵詞:個體化進程榮格獨我論他者問題
外文關鍵詞:individuatuionC.G.JungPsychologyTransform
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榮格(Carl Gustav Jung)在〈意識、無意識與個體化〉一文中說:
「個體化和集體性是相反的一組觀念,我用「個體化」(Individuation)這個字是為了要說明:以此過程,個人變為一個心理學的”可分割的內在”(in-dividual),也就是,一個可分離的、不可分割的統一體或者說是”整體”。」
榮格所創「分析心理學」(Analytical psychology),所謂”分析的”是指一個相信潛意識存在的一個療程:「個體化」。(CW9,p275)而心靈有自我完善平衡的傾向,是它的一個基本構思。他反對佛洛依德(Freud)對心靈法則採取機械因果論的看法,而認為那只是部份的事實,相信心靈自有其目的。(Jocobi:the psychology of jung)即:「個體化」的實現。它是一客觀的過程,使得人生實存當中的各個對立面,在人類的心靈深處得到協調統一,成為一個既健全又獨具個性的人格。
羅勃。霍卜克(Robert H. Hopcke)認為若從其詞源上來理解,「個體化」便是與己合一的過程,即實現真正自我的過程。
由以上的了解,我們可說「個體化進程」是終極的概念,個體在獲得階段性的意識與潛意識的短暫平衡後,仍需不斷地融合繼之而來的二元對立的矛盾,使得潛意識的內容為意識所了解的,偏頗的意識態度得以修正,人格獲得成長。
本論文之目的在於藉著研究榮格之「個體化進程」,這條心理分析式的內在超越路徑,嘗試解決「他者問題」的可能。對於「個體化進程」的討論,依筆者有限之能力,不求對榮格的思想有全面性的了解只就「個體化進程案例」一文分析其中所揭露的「個體化進程」階段,與相關的心理觀念的說明,冀望對其意義與方法有所了解;之後,筆者將依梅洛龐蒂(Merleau-Ponty)在《知學現象學》中對「他者問題」的討論,以榮格思想嘗式解決「他者問題」中的「獨我論」困境。
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